Explainer

Poorest New Jersey Children Continue to Suffer From Inadequate Assistance

TANF is essentially being eliminated as a safety net.

By

Published on May 25, 2017 in Economic Justice

To read a PDF version of this report, click here.

NOTE: This is an update of NJPP’s February 2016 report, “Lost Opportunities for New Jersey’s Children,”
It’s now been 30 years since New Jersey last adjusted cash assistance to its poorest families for inflation, and as a result more and more of the children in those families are falling through this largely shredded safety net. New Jersey’s political leaders must act now to reverse this downward slide by improving assistance levels in WorkFirst New Jersey, called Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) at the federal level.

To do so, lawmakers should:

  • Increase TANF assistance by 30 percent over three years (this would also increase eligibility for Emergency Assistance)
  • In the fourth year, tie TANF assistance to inflation to ensure families don’t fall even further behind
  • Repeal the punitive policy that denies TANF cash assistance to babies of mothers already on TANF

These improvements were passed last year by the legislature but vetoed by Gov. Christie.

New Jersey’s TANF assistance is currently $424 a month for a family of three, unchanged since 1987. (It would be $932 a month if it had simply kept up with inflation.) This is just 30.7 percent of the estimated cost of a modest two-bedroom apartment (based on HUD’s fair market rents) – which explains why, when adjusted for housing costs, New Jersey’s TANF assistance is the 7th lowest of all states and D.C., below states like Texas, Oklahoma, Kentucky and Arizona.

New Jersey’s maximum TANF assistance is only 25 percent of the federal poverty level, which underestimates poverty in New Jersey because it does not take into account the high cost of living in the state. A more state-specific measure of living standards is updated each year by the state Department of Human Services: its most recent standard of $2,920 a month for a family of three is almost 700 percent higher than the maximum TANF benefit.

This meager TANF assistance doesn’t just decrease the benefits available for poor New Jersey families; it also means that far fewer poor families in the state are able to access TANF, since income eligibility levels are tied to benefit levels. As TANF standards have failed to keep up with rapidly increasing costs of living, more and more struggling families and kids have been left behind.

 

About 9 in 10 New Jersey children living in poverty did not receive any TANF support in 2015. In that year there were 302,000 children below the federal poverty level.

Even when child poverty increases, TANF does not respond accordingly. In fact, while the number of New Jersey kids living below the federal poverty level rose by 4 percent from 2010 to 2015, the number of children receiving TANF benefits decreased by 41 percent.

And the number of children receiving TANF assistance continues to drop at an alarming rate. As of February 2017, only 31,000 children remain in TANF. At this rate, TANF will essentially disappear as a safety net within a few years.

New research shows that deep poverty causes severe losses in brain development in children that can affect them for the rest of their lives. This is one of the main reasons why many states have recently increased their TANF levels.

Author

  • Ray Castro was formerly the Director of Health Policy for NJPP. In this role, he worked to improve the health outcomes of New Jerseyans by producing reports, testifying in legislative hearings and working with advocates, legislators and their staff, and other key stakeholders to change policy and boost families in need.

    Ray’s research interests include: the Affordable Care Act, universal health coverage, NJ FamilyCare, health care transformation, poverty, the social safety net, public assistance and working family tax credits.

    Before joining NJPP in August 2006, Ray worked for the New Jersey Department of Human Services for more than 30 years, mainly serving as the Director of the DHS Office of Legislative Services in the Commissioner’s office. He was closely involved with developing federal and state legislation relating to Medicaid, mental health, welfare reform, child protective services, child care and other work support programs, and helped develop the policy and legislative strategy that led to New Jersey’s state Earned Income Tax Credit.

    He received a BA in psychology from the University of California-Berkeley and holds a master’s in social work degree with a specialization in policy from Rutgers University.
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